Capital Stack & Funding Consulting

Develop a clear and informed funding structure for your business or real estate project. PRE helps evaluate capital requirements, funding gaps, debt and equity options, proposed terms, ownership considerations, and potential sources of capital. Clients receive strategic guidance and organized preparation to help them approach funding decisions with greater clarity.

Capital Stack & Funding Consulting

Service Overview

Capital Stack & Funding Consulting helps businesses, real estate investors, and project owners determine how to structure and secure the different sources of capital needed to fund an opportunity.
The service focuses on answering three key questions:

How much capital is required?
Which sources of capital are appropriate?
How should those sources be combined to support the project or business?
What Is a Capital Stack?

A capital stack is the complete combination of funding used to finance a business, property, or investment project. Each layer has different repayment rights, risk levels, costs, and ownership implications.
A typical real estate capital stack may include

Service Includes:

Senior Debt
Mezzanine or Subordinate Debt
Preferred Equity
Common Equity
Sponsor or Owner Contribution

Capital Stack & Funding Consulting

Senior Debt

This is usually the primary loan secured by the property or business assets. Senior debt generally has the first claim on repayment and may include: Commercial mortgages Construction loans Acquisition financing Bridge loans Lines of credit Because senior lenders typically have priority, this layer may carry a lower cost than higher-risk capital.

Mezzanine or Subordinate Debt

This is financing positioned behind senior debt. It may help fill a funding gap when the primary loan does not cover the full project cost. It may have: Higher interest costs Additional fees Flexible repayment terms Greater risk than senior debt

Preferred Equity

Preferred equity provides capital in exchange for a preferred return or priority distribution before common equity investors receive proceeds. It generally does not function like a traditional loan, but it may have specific financial rights.

Common Equity

Common equity is the ownership capital invested by the sponsor, partners, or investors. Common equity is often paid after debt and preferred equity obligations are satisfied. It may involve: Ownership participation Profit-sharing Voting or decision-making rights Greater exposure to project performance

Sponsor or Owner Contribution

This is the capital contributed directly by the business owner, sponsor, or project developer. It may include cash, land, existing assets, equipment, or other qualifying contributions. What Capital Stack Consulting Covers A Capital Stack & Funding Consulting engagement may include: Reviewing the project’s total capital requirements Preparing a sources-and-uses analysis Identifying the funding gap Comparing debt and equity options Evaluating the cost of capital Reviewing leverage and repayment considerations Assessing ownership and profit-sharing implications Considering timing and funding availability Structuring a practical financing strategy Organizing information for lenders or investors Comparing proposed financing terms Developing funding scenarios Funding Consulting Services Funding consulting focuses on preparing the client and opportunity for discussions with potential capital providers. Support may include: Funding Strategy Develop a funding approach based on: Business or project objectives Amount of capital required Timeline Existing obligations Revenue and cash-flow expectations Assets or collateral Ownership preferences Risk tolerance Capital Provider Preparation Help organize the information that lenders or investors may request, including: Business overview Project summary Funding request Use of funds Financial statements Cash-flow projections Debt schedule Business plan Property details Management experience Ownership structure Supporting documentation Funding Source Analysis Review potential categories of capital, such as: Banks and commercial lenders Private lenders Real estate debt funds Private investors Angel or strategic investors Equity partners Joint-venture partners Equipment or asset-based financing Government or grant programs, where applicable Alternative business funding sources Deal and Term Review Help the client understand how proposed terms may affect the project, including: Interest rate Fees Loan-to-value or leverage requirements Repayment schedule Maturity date Equity ownership Preferred return Profit-sharing Guarantees Collateral requirements Covenants and restrictions Exit or refinancing considerations Example Suppose a property acquisition and improvement project requires $2 million: Senior loan: $1.2 million Preferred equity: $400,000 Sponsor contribution: $200,000 Common equity partner: $200,000 Together, these sources create a $2 million capital stack. The consulting process would help evaluate whether the structure is realistic, how much each source costs, how repayment or distributions are prioritized, and how the arrangement affects ownership and projected returns. What the Client Receives A completed engagement may provide: Capital stack overview Sources-and-uses schedule Funding gap analysis Recommended financing structure Debt-versus-equity comparison Funding strategy roadmap Capital provider preparation checklist Document requirements Preliminary term comparison Key risks and considerations Recommended next steps Difference From Capital Readiness Consulting Capital Readiness & Business Funding Model focuses on preparing the business to pursue funding. Capital Stack & Funding Consulting focuses on how the funding should be structured once the capital requirement and potential funding sources are being evaluated. In simple terms: Capital readiness: Are you prepared to seek funding? Capital stack: How should the funding be arranged? Funding consulting: Which options may best fit the project, and how should you approach them?